Upregulation of PGC-1α expression by pioglitazone mediates prevention of sepsis-induced acute lung injury

Abstract The imbalance between pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) may modulate macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype by altering mitochondrial activity. This study aimed to investigate the role of the PGC-1α agonist pioglitazone (PGZ) in modulating sepsis-induced ALI. A mouse model of sepsis-induced ALI was established using cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). An in vitro model was created by stimulating MH-S cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). qRT-PCR was used to measure mRNA levels of M1 markers iNOS and MHC-II and M2 markers Arg1 and CD206 to evaluate macrophage polarization. Western blotting detected expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) PGC-1α, and mitochondrial biogenesis proteins NRF1, NRF2, and mtTFA. To assess mitochondrial content and function, reactive oxygen species levels were detected by dihydroethidium staining, and mitochondrial DNA copy number was measured by qRT-PCR. In the CLP-induced ALI mouse model, lung tissues exhibited reduced PGC-1α expression. PGZ treatment rescued PGC-1α expression and alleviated lung injury, as evidenced by decreased lung wet-to-dry weight ratio, pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6), and enhanced M2 macrophage polarization. Mechanistic investigations revealed that PGZ activated the PPARγ/PGC-1α/mitochondrial protection pathway to prevent sepsis-induced ALI by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization. These results may provide new insights and evidence for developing PGZ as a potential ALI therapy.

The effect of virtual reality technology in children after surgery for concomitant strabismus

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of virtual reality (VR) technology in children after surgery for concomitant strabismus. Methods: A total of 200 children with concomitant exotropia or concomitant esotropia were randomly divided into a training group and a control group according to the single even number random method (100 cases in each group). Patients in the training group received VR intervention training within 1 week after surgery. Patients in the control group did not receive any training. Results: Six months after the surgery, the orthophoria (the far or near strabismus degree was ?8?) rate was significantly higher in the training group than in the control group (P = 0.001), while the eye position regression rate (compared to the strabismus degree within 1 week after the surgery, the amount of regression >10?) was significantly lower in the training group than in the control group (P = 0.001). Six months after the surgery, the number of children with simultaneous vision and remote stereovision was significantly higher in the training group than in the control group (P = 0.017 and 0.002, respectively). The differences in the number of patients with peripheral stereopsis, macular stereopsis, and stereopsis in macular fovea centralis at 1, 3, and 6 months after the surgery between the training and the control groups were not statistically significant (P = 0.916, 0.274, and 0.302, respectively). Conclusion: The intervention of VR technology after strabismus correction effectively improved children’s visual function and maintained their eye position

Genetic analysis of a female child family with suspected X-linked recessive genetic disease / 中国热带医学

@#Objective　Genetic analysis was performed on a female child with chromosome Xq28 heterozygous deletion and suspected X-linked recessive disease to determine the morbidity and prognosis. Methods　A female child was admitted to the hospital on day 20 because of "jaundice for 20 days and difficulty in stopping bleeding at acupuncture sites". Low depth whole genome test of amniocentesis in late pregnancy suggested missing copy number of hemophilia A and X-linked mental retardation type 72. In order to further confirm the diagnosis and prognosis, peripheral blood of the children and their parents were collected for gene testing, chromosome inactivation test and genetic analysis. Results　Chromosome Xq28 of the child had 439.4 kb copy number heterozygous deletion variation, which was a clear disease-coding gene for functional loss included in ClinGen database. Chromosome inactivation test showed that the paternal X chromosome of the child was extremely inactivated. Haplotype analysis suggested that the normal chromosome of the subject was inherited from the mother, and there was heterozygous deletion on the paternal X chromosome, so it was inferred that the child will not develop disease or just have mild symptoms. Conclusion　It is necessary to analyze the X chromosome inactivation test for female patients with the pathogenic variation of X-linked recessive genetic disease to determine the possibility of the disease.

Improvement of inflammatory cytokines level in peripheral blood, anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with pulpitis by root canal therapy / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@# To investigate the effect of root canal therapy (RCT) on inflammatory cytokines level in peripheral blood, anxiety, and depression in patients with pulpitis.@*Methods @#A total of 155 patients with pulpitis admitted to the Stomatology Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University from June 2021 to June 2022 were treated with root canal therapy. Another 155 persons who received health examinations during the same period were selected as the control group. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scores and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores of the two groups were compared. The GAD-7, PHQ-9 and pain scores of the test group before treatment and 3 and 6 weeks after treatment were compared. Pain was assessed with a visual analog scale (VAS). Inflammatory cytokine [interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), c-reactive protein (CRP)] levels in the test group before treatment and 3 and 6 weeks after treatment were compared. @*Results @#The GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores in the test group were higher than those in the control group before treatment (P<0.05). The GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores in the test group at 3 and 6 weeks after treatment were lower than those before treatment (P<0.05); there was no significant difference between the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores at 3 and 6 weeks after treatment(P>0.05). The pain scores of the experimental group at 3 and 6 weeks after treatment were lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the pain scores 6 weeks after treatment were lower than those at 3 weeks after treatment (P<0.05). The levels of IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α and CRP in the peripheral blood of the experimental group were lower 3 and 6 weeks after treatment than before (P<0.05), and the levels of IL-8 and IL-1β in the peripheral blood at 6 weeks after treatment were significantly lower than at 3 weeks after treatment (P<0.05). The levels of TNF-α and CRP in the peripheral blood at 6 weeks after treatment were not significantly different from those at 3 weeks after treatment (P>0.05).@*Conclusion @#The peripheral blood of patients with pulpitis has a high level of inflammatory cytokines, and the patients suffer from obvious anxiety and depression. Root canal therapy can relieve their anxiety and depression by reducing their level of inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood.

Combined training and explosive strength in basketball players' lower limbs / Treinamento combinado e força explosiva nos membros inferiores dos jogadores de basquete / Entrenamiento combinado y fuerza explosiva en los miembros inferiores de los jugadores de baloncesto

ABSTRACT Introduction: Basketball presents unique competitive characteristics, requiring athletes a high level of strength, especially explosive strength. Objective: Study the effect of combined training on the explosive power of lower limbs in basketball players. Methods: The author selected 18 basketball players, equally distributed with the random method into a unipodal combined training group (S group), a two-legged combined training group (D group), and a conventional strength training group (W group), for the three-test data. Statistical analysis was performed on the data collected from the experiment. Results: There was a significant difference in approach height and three-quarter sprint in group S (p<0.05). The difference was not evident in the height of touch in situ (p>0.05). In group D, there was a significant difference in situ touch height p<0.01. There was no significant difference in the results of the three test indicators in group W (p>0.05). Conclusion: Compared to conventional strength training, unipodal combined training is more effective for the development of explosive strength in the lower limbs of basketball students. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: O basquetebol tem suas características competitivas singulares, exigindo que os atletas tenham um alto nível de força, sobretudo a força explosiva. Objetivo: Estudar o efeito do treinamento combinado sobre o poder explosivo dos membros inferiores em jogadores de basquetebol. Métodos: O autor selecionou 18 jogadores de basquetebol, distribuídos igualmente com o método aleatório em grupo de treinamento combinado unipodal (grupo S), grupo de treinamento combinado de duas pernas (grupo D) e grupo de treinamento convencional de força (grupo W), para os três dados de teste. Foi realizada uma análise estatística com os dados coletados do experimento. Resultados: Houve uma diferença significativa na altura de aproximação e no sprint de três quartos no grupo S (p<0,05). Na altura de toque in situ (p>0,05), a diferença não foi evidenciada. No grupo D, houve uma diferença significativa entre a altura de toque in situ p<0,01. Não houve diferença significativa nos resultados dos três indicadores de teste no grupo W (p>0,05). Conclusão: Comparativamente ao treinamento convencional de força, o treinamento combinado unipodal é mais eficaz para o desenvolvimento de força explosiva nos membros inferiores dos estudantes de basquetebol. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: El baloncesto tiene unas características competitivas únicas, que exigen que los deportistas tengan un alto nivel de fuerza, especialmente la fuerza explosiva. Objetivo: Estudiar el efecto del entrenamiento combinado sobre la potencia explosiva de los miembros inferiores en jugadores de baloncesto. Métodos: El autor seleccionó a 18 jugadores de baloncesto, distribuidos equitativamente con el método aleatorio en grupo de entrenamiento combinado unipodal (grupo S), grupo de entrenamiento combinado bipodal (grupo D) y grupo de entrenamiento de fuerza convencional (grupo W), para los tres datos de la prueba. Se realizó un análisis estadístico con los datos recogidos en el experimento. Resultados: Hubo una diferencia significativa en la altura de aproximación y en el sprint de tres cuartos en el grupo S (p<0,05). En la altura de toque in situ (p>0,05), no se evidenció la diferencia. En el grupo D, hubo una diferencia significativa entre la altura del tacto in situ p<0,01. No hubo diferencias significativas en los resultados de los tres indicadores de prueba en el grupo W (p>0,05). Conclusión: En comparación con el entrenamiento de fuerza convencional, el entrenamiento combinado unipodal es más eficaz para el desarrollo de la fuerza explosiva en las extremidades inferiores de los estudiantes de baloncesto. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

miR-146b suppresses LPS-induced M1 macrophage polarization via inhibiting the FGL2-activated NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway in inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract Objectives: M1 macrophage polarization and phenotype in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) are common biological responses. Method: Herein, IBD mice models were constructed and macrophages were derived. Results: It was discovered that microRNA-146b (miR-146b) was downregulated in IBD mice and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages. Moreover, the inhibitory role of overexpressed miR-146b in reducing the inflammation level and blocking M1 macrophage polarization was confirmed. Further investigation indicated that Fibrinogen Like 2 (FGL2) acted as the target gene of miR-146b, and FGL2 mediated activation of NLRP3, NF-κB-p65, and p38-MAPK. More importantly, it was validated that miR-146b could ameliorate inflammatory pheno-type and prevent M1 macrophage polarization via inhibiting FGL2 in vitro, and miR-146b overexpression alleviated the intestinal injury of IBD mice in vivo. Conclusions: Overall, it is potential to use miR-146b for the amelioration of IBD. HIGHLIGHTS miR-146b was downregulated in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) mice and LPS-induced macrophages. Fibrinogen Like 2 (FGL2) was identified as the target gene of miR-146b. miR-146b ameliorated the inflammation and blocked M1 macrophage polarization via inhibiting FGL2. miR-146b ameliorated the symptoms and pathological injury of IBD via inhibiting FGL2.

Research progress on 3D printing in minimally invasive endodontics / 口腔疾病防治

@#Minimally invasive endodontics (MIE) can preserve dental tissue to a greater extent and improve the success rate of endodontics and has thus attracted increasing attention. 3D printing is a technology that is based on a digital model and uses powdered metal, plastic and other materials to construct objects by printing layer by layer. This article reviews the application of 3D printing technology in minimally invasive endodontics to provide a reference for the application of 3D printing technology in clinical minimally invasive endodontics in the future. In recent years, 3D printing technology has been widely used in various professional fields of stomatology, such as maxillofacial surgery, prosthodontics, and orthodontics. Using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and oral scanners to obtain accurate data on the internal and external structures of teeth combined with 3D printing to construct a tooth diagnostic model and pulp opening guide plate, we can accurately locate the position of the root canal and provide a new method for minimally invasive endodontics. At present, 3D printing technology is mainly used to guide the pulp opening pathway, assist in the minimally invasive treatment of malformed teeth and calcified root canals, and assist with apical surgery in the field of minimally invasive endodontics. However, its accuracy and clinical prognosis still need to be verified with a large number of clinical cases.

Relationship between health risk behaviors and mental health of middle school students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand mental health status of middle school students in Weifang, and to analyze its association with health risk behaviors, and to provide a reference basis for the effective prevention of mental health problems.@*Methods@#Using the self-designed questionnaire and Kessler l0 (K10), a total of 3 185 middle school students in Weifang selected by using stratified clustered sampling were investigated. Chi-square test and binary Logistic regression was used for statistical analysis.@*Results@#Among the middle school students in Weifang, 1 634(51.3%) reported good mental health, 854(26.8%) in moderate level, 394(12.4%) reported poor mental health, and 303(9.5%) reported very poor mental health. Sleep duration and smoking were associated with mental health of middle school students (P<0.05). Logistic regression analyses showed that, compared with adolescents with sleep duration less than 8 h, mental health among students whose sleep duration ≥8 h was better(OR=0.36); compared with non-smokers, students who smoked showed worse mental health status (OR=3.53).@*Conclusion@#Health-risk behaviors are closely related to mental health of middle school students. Relevant departments should strengthen education and publicity of healthy lifestyles, and pay close attention to the impact of health risk behaviors on mental health.

Persistent effects of adverse childhood experiences on the course of pubertal development / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the influence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on pubertal development of boys and girls and to provide a reference for the development of intervention measures.@*Methods@#A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select a total of 1 156 students in grades three and four in the boarding school system and public primary schools in Huangshan City and surrounding towns in September 2018, using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Pubertal Development Scale (PDS). For the baseline self-assessment survey, according to different dimensions, abuse children score no exposure groups. Children were divided into an exposure group and a high exposure level group, according to their childhood experiences. PDS self-report questionnaire was administered two years later, and an analysis of ACE type and severity of the continuous impact of youth development was conducted.@*Results@#In the baseline survey, there were 53 girls (11.32%) and 51 boys (7.41%) who developed earlier. The rate of early development in girls was higher than that of boys, and the difference was statistically significant(χ 2=5.21, P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed gender differences in the effects of type and severity of ACEs and abuse on adolescent development at both baseline and follow-up. There were gender differences in the rate of early development between boys and girls at baseline and at follow-up between the exposure groups. Regression analysis showed that the higher the degree of emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and sexual abuse in girls, the higher the PDS score(B=0.22, 0.15, 0.08, P<0.05). In boys, the more severe the emotional abuse experienced, the higher the PDS score, and the more severe the physical abuse experienced, the lower the PDS score(B=0.20, 0.04, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Attention should be paid to the influence of ACEs and gender differences during youth development among male and female students, and more longterm studies should also be carried out.

Percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus guided by transthoracic echocardiography or angiography: A systematic review and meta-analysis / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To compare the efficacy of percutaneous closure guided by transthoracic echocardiography or angiography in the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Methods    Literature databases such as CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Database, PubMed, Cochrane Library were searched for collecting published literatures on percutaneous closure for PDA guided by transthoracic echocardiography and angiography, retrieval time limit was up to April 2019. Two evaluators independently screened the literature, extracted the data and evaluated the quality according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The collected data were analyzed by RevMan 5.3 software. Results    Eight studies were included finally, with a total sample size of 681 cases. Meta-analysis showed that there was no statistical difference in the operative success rate between the echocardiography group and the angiography group (RR=0.99, 95%CI 0.97- 1.01, P=0.40). Postoperative complications were less in the echocardiography group than those in the angiography group (RR=0.26, 95%CI 0.11-0.59, P=0.001).The operation time (P<0.000 01), amount of intraoperative radiation (P< 0.000 01), exposure time (P<0.000 01), hospitalization days (P<0.000 01) and hospitalization costs (P<0.000 01) in the echocardiography group were less or shorter than those in the angiography group, and the difference was statistically different. Conclusion    Compared with angiography-guided, transthoracic echocardiography-guided percutaneous closure for PDA is a safe and effective method with less trauma, lower cost, and can replace angiography as one of the guiding methods for PDA.

Meta-analysis on prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in Chinese children aged 0-14 years from 2000 to 2020 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To systematically review the prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia among children aged 0-14 years in China from 2000 to 2020, and to provide a reference for prevention and controlling of IDA among Chinese children.@*Methods@#CNKI, CBM, WanFang Data, VIP databases, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were electronically searched to collect crosssectional studies on the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in children aged 0-14 years of China from 2000 to April 2020. Two reviewers independently conducted literature screening, methodological evaluation and data extraction, and used Stata 13.0 software to combine the data to estimate the prevalence. The Q test and I 2 statistics were used to evaluate the heterogeneity of studies. Begg and Egger test were used to evaluater.@*Results@#A total of 60 articles were included, including 122 771 children, among whom 28 693 were sick. Meta-analysis results showed that the total prevalence rate of children aged 0-14 years in China from 2000 to 2020 was 19.9%. The prevalence rate of girls (18.7%) was higher than that of boys (16.9%), and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The prevalence rate was highest in infancy(30.3%), followed by in early childhood(16.7%). From 2006 to 2010, the prevalence rate of children was the highest(22.6%). In recent years, the prevalence rate of children with iron deficiency anemia was lower than before. Mild anemia was found in 88.7% of the children, and moderate or severe anemia was found in 11.3% of the children. The prevalence rate of children in western China was the highest, 31.9% and 28.3% respectively, and the incidence rate in east China(13.1%), south China (14.0%) and northeast China (16.6%) was relatively low. The prevalence rate of rural children (25.6%) was much higher than that of urban children(9.1%), especially in western rural areas.@*Conclusion@#The prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia among children aged 0-14 years in China from 2000 to 2020 is still high and the differences between different regions are significant, so more attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of iron-deficiency anemia among infants and children in poor areas.

miR-183-5p enhances the radioresistance of colorectal cancer by directly targeting ATG5

Intracellular trafficking is a field that has been intensively studied for years and yet there remains much to be learned. Part ofthe reason that there is so much obscurity remaining in this field is due to all the pathways and the stages that define cellulartrafficking. One of the major steps in cellular trafficking is fusion. Fusion is defined as the terminal step that occurs when acargo-laden vesicle arrives at the proper destination. There are two types of fusion within a cell: homotypic and heterotypicfusion. Homotypic fusion occurs when the two membranes merging together are of the same type such as vacuole tovacuole fusion. Heterotypic fusion occurs when the two membranes at play are of different types such as when anendosomal membrane fuses with a Golgi membrane. In this review, we will focus on all the protein components – Rabs,Golgins, Multisubunit tethers, GTPases, protein phosphatases and SNAREs – that have been known to function in both ofthese types of fusion. We hope to develop a model of how all of these constituents function together to achieve membranefusion. Membrane fusion is a biological process absolutely necessary for proper intracellular trafficking. Due to the degreeof importance multiple proteins are required for it to be properly carried through. Whether we are talking about heterotypicor homotypic fusion, any defects in the fusion machinery can result in disease states such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’sdisease. Although much research has significantly expanded our knowledge of fusion, there is still much more to belearned.

Diagnosis value of microRNA-1 for acute myocardial infarction: A meta-analysis / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To systematically evaluate the clinical value of miRNA-1 in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Methods    We searched PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wangfang, VIP, etc databases to identify literature about miRNA-1 in the diagnosis of AMI. Quality of the included literature was assessed by (quality assessment for diagnostic accuracy studies-2, QUADAS-2). The indices of pooled sensitivity (Sen), specificity (Spe), positivity likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnosis odds ratio (DOR), and the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve were pooled using MetaDisc 1.4 software. Results    A total of 12 articles were included. According to the different populations of miRNA-1 to be tested, subgroup analysis of healthy people (7 articles) and non-AMI disease groups (5 articles) was conducted. The results showed that AMI compared with healthy people, the pooled Sen was 0.78 with 95%CI 0.73 to 0.82, Spe was 0.88 with 95%CI 0.83 to 0.91 of miRNA-1 in the diagnosis of AMI. AUC of SROC curve was 0.911 2. Comparison of AMI and non-AMI patients, the pooled Sen was 0.59 with 95%CI 0.54 to 0.64, Spe was 0.74 with 95%CI 0.68 to 0.79 of miRNA-1 in the diagnosis of AMI. AUC of SROC curve was 0.743 2. Conclusion    MiRNA-1 has a certain value in the diagnosis of AMI. It has an advantage in identifying AMI and patients with other systemic diseases, and can be combined with other biomarkers to  diagnose AMI.

Tim-3 expression on T cell surface in patients with esophageal cancer and its clinical significance / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@# Objective: To investigate the expression of Tim-3 on the surface of T cells in patients with esophageal cancer, and to explore its clinical significance. Methods: Fresh tumor tissues, paracancerous tissues, and peripheral blood were collected from 25 patients with esophageal cancer at the first affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from September 2016 to April 2018. Peripheral blood from 10 healthy subjects was also collected during the same time period. The expressions of Tim-3, early apoptotic molecules and intrinsic factors in tumor tissues and peripheral blood PBMCs of 25 esophageal cancer patients were determined by flow cytometry. Also, the correlation between Tim-3+ T cell proportion and pathological parameters was investigated. The expression of Tim-3 in tumor tissues and paracancerous tissues was detected by fluorescence quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). TCGA database was used to further verify the expression of Tim-3 in tumor tissues and paracancerous tissues, as well as its relationship with prognosis. Results: Tim-3 expression on T cells was higher in tumor tissues from esophageal cancer patients (P<0.01). Tim-3+ T cell function was in an exhausted status(P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the expression of Tim-3 on the surface of T cells in esophageal cancer microenvironment was closely related to lymph node metastasis and clinical staging (all P<0.01). Conclusion: Taken together, Tim3 expression on the surface of T cells could induce T cell dysfunction in patients with esophageal cancer, suggesting that Tim-3 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for esophageal cancer.

Impacts of household factors on unhealthy dietary habits of preschool children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the current situation and impacts of household factors on of unhealthy dietary habits among preschool children, and to provide reference for preventing the occurrence of unhealthy dietary habits of preschool children.@*Methods@#By using stratified random cluster sampling method, the study selected 1 070 children aged 3-6 years in 7 kindergartens in Urumqi. Household general information , children’s dietary behavior and parenting environment was collected through parent questionnaire survey.@*Results@#The prevalence rate of unhealthy dietary habits among preschool children was 32.71%. Multifactor Logistic regression analysis showed that the unhealthy dietary habits of preschool children were negatively correlated to the following factors, including age of children [β=-0.32, 95%CI=(0.62,0.86)] , gender[β=-0.33,95%CI=(0.53,0.97)], educational level of mothers [β=0.94, 95%CI=(1.79,3.68)] , type of fanmily [β=0.64, 95%CI=(1.414,2.522)] and the scores of social adaptation/selfcare and environmental atmosphere in the family nurturing environment [β=-0.07, 95%CI=(0.90,0.97); β=-0.21, 95%CI=(0.76,0.87)].@*Conclusion@#The cultivation of the dietary habits should pay more attention on younger children and boys, and the enhancement of health education on the children’s eating behaviors among mothers with lower education background and the primary child caregivers in the stem family. Family nurturing environment should be actively improved, in order to prevent the occurrence of children’s unhealthy dietary habits.

The oral health status of senile dementia patients: a systematic review / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @# To systematically evaluate the oral health status of senile dementia patients. @*Methods@#The CNKI, Wanfang, CBM, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched online. Literature on the oral health status of Alzheimer′s patients published at home and abroad was collected. The search period extended to December 2018. Revman 5.3 software was used to perform the meta-analysis of homogeneous research.@*Results @#Ten studies satisfied the eligibility criteria. The meta-analysis revealed that older people with dementia had fewer remaining natural teeth [MD=-3.22 (95% CI -5.59, -0.85)] and more decayed missing filled teeth [MD=3.36 (95% CI 0.80, 5.92)] than the healthy control group (P < 0.05). The plaque index [MD=0.86 (95% CI 0.45, 1.28)], percentage bleeding on probing [MD=16.60 (95% CI 9.81, 23.39)], probing depth [MD=0.68 (95% CI 0.03, 1.34)], and clinical attachment loss [MD=1.13 (95% CI 0.38, 1.88)] were significantly higher in older people with dementia than in the healthy control group (P < 0.05).@*Conclusion @#The dental and periodontal health status of Alzheimer′s patients is worse than that of healthy controls. Thus, the former group needs special oral care and treatment.

MiR-375 suppresses angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting platelet-de-rived growth factor-C / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:Abnormal angiogenesis is an important hallmark of HCC. Ectopic miR-375 overexpression led to repression of proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation, and it induced apoptosis in hepatoma cells as well. In this study, we explored the effect of miR-375 on HCC angiogenesis. Methods:We evaluated the antiangiogenic effects of miR-375 using human umbilical vein endothelial cells, tube formation assays, rat aortic ring sprouting assays, and chicken chorioallantoic membrane assays. Bioinformatics software was used to predict the downstream target gene of miR-375. MiR-375 regulation to target genes was explored by overexpres-sion and knockdown of miR-375 in hepatoma cells. Luciferase assay was performed to confirm its molecular mechanism. Rescue assay of target gene was further used to prove that miR-375 inhibited HCC angiogenesis by directly regulating its target gene. Results:MiR-375 inhibited HCC angiogenesis. Platelet-derived growth factor-C (PDGFC) was a potential target gene of miR-375. MiR-375 inhibited PDGFC expression in hepatoma cells by targeting its 3′-UTR. MiR-375 exerted its antiangiogenic effect partially by PDGFC inhibition. Conclusion:MiR-375 repressed tumor angiogenesis by targeting PDGFC in HCC.

miR-22 suppresses tumorigenesis and improves radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells by targeting Sirt1

BACKGROUND: miR-22 has been shown to be frequently downregulated and act as a tumor suppressor in multiple cancers including breast cancers. However, the role of miR-22 in regulating the radioresistance of breast cancer cells, as well as its underlying mechanism is still not well understood. METHODS: The expressions of miR-22 and sirt1 at mRNA and protein levels were examined by qRT-PCR and Western Blot. The effects of miR-22 overexpression and sirt1 knockdown on cell viability, apoptosis, radiosensitivity, γ-H2AX foci formation were evaluated by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, colony formation assay, and γ-H2AX foci formation assay, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay and qRT-PCR analysis were performed to confirm the interaction between miR-22 and sirt1. RESULTS: miR-22 was downregulated and sirt1 was upregulated at both mRNA and protein levels in breast cancer cells. miR-22 overexpression or sirt1 knockdown significantly suppressed viability, induced apoptosis, reduced survival fraction, and increased the number of γ-H2AX foci in breast cancer cells. Sirt1 was identified as a target of miR-22 and miR-22 negatively regulated sirt1 expression. Ectopic expression of sirt1 dramatically reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-22 on cell viability and promotive effect on apoptotic rates and radiosensitivity in breast cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS: miR-22 suppresses tumorigenesis and improves radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells by targeting sirt1, providing a promising therapeutic target for breast cancer.

Ultrasound Diagnosis of Fetal Thanatophoric Skeletal Dysplasia:Three Cases Report and a Brief Review / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Congenital skeletal deformity of ferns varies and may be attributed to a range of reasons.Congenital skeletal deformity seriously affects body function or even leads to neonatal death directly.The disease brings great pain to victim and their family.We reviewed the fetal prenatal ultrasonic data conducted during period from Jan.2013 to June 2016,and there were 84 fetuses with skeletal abnormalities among 12 000 cases,and 3 fetuses with thanatophoric dysplasia.Our report described and reviewed three common types of thanatophoric dysplasia,aiming to explore the value of standardized prenatal ultrasonic diagnosis of fetal abnormalities in the skeletal system.

A study of root canal morphology in maxillary third molars using cone-beam computed tomography / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#This study investigated root canal morphology in maxillary third molars by CBCT to provide an anatomical guideline for clinical treatment.@*Methods@#CBCT images of 397 maxillary third molars were collected. The root canal morphology was analysed, including the number of roots and the type of canals.@*Results @# In 397 maxillary third molars, three roots were the most frequently type, accounting for 43.07% and the fused root teeth were the second, accounting for 40.30%. For the root canal type, three canals were the most common, accounting for 47.86%, followed by single canal, accounting for 28.21%. According to the Vertucci root canal classification, 89.6% of the root canals were typeⅠ, the rest were typeⅡ, typeⅢ, type Ⅴ, and other types of root canals which were difficult to deal with in clinical treatment.@*Conclusion @#The root canal morphology of the maxillary third molar is various and the root canal system was complicated.